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tech:todo-kvm [2025/11/14 08:34] – Jean-Baptistetech:todo-kvm [2026/06/07 19:12] (Version actuelle) – modification externe 127.0.0.1
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 +<!DOCTYPE markdown>
 +{{tag>Brouillon Virt CPU Hardware}}
 +
 +# KVM LibVirt
 +
 +Voir :
 +* [[Notes LibVirt]]
 +* https://github.com/kholia/OSX-KVM
 +
 +
 +Votre CPU gère t-il **VT** ou **AMD-V** ?
 +
 +~~~bash
 +egrep --color '^flags.*(vmx |svm )' /proc/cpuinfo
 +~~~
 +
 +Ou 
 +~~~bash
 +apt-get install cpu-checker
 +kvm-ok
 +~~~
 +
 +[Nested KVM](https://docs.openstack.org/devstack/latest/guides/devstack-with-nested-kvm.html) ?
 +~~~bash
 +cat /sys/module/kvm_intel/parameters/nested
 +cat /sys/module/kvm_amd/parameters/nested
 +~~~
 +
 +
 +Parfois il faut activer l'option dans le BIOS
 +
 +
 +~~~
 +# virt-host-validate
 +...
 +   LXC: Checking if device /sys/fs/fuse/connections exists                   : FAIL (Load the 'fuse' module to enable /proc/ overrides)
 +   
 +echo fuse >> /etc/modules
 +modprobe fuse
 +~~~
 +
 +Sous RedHat désactiver le NetworkManager
 +~~~bash
 +systemctl stop NetworkManager
 +systemctl disable NetworkManager
 +~~~
 +
 +et ajouter la ligne suivante dans /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-*
 +
 +`/etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-*`
 +~~~ini
 +NM_CONTROLLED=no
 +~~~
 +
 +
 +## Install
 +
 +~~~bash
 +apt-get install --no-install-recommends qemu-kvm libvirt-clients libvirt-daemon-system
 +~~~
 +
 +~~~bash
 +adduser jean libvirt
 +#adduser jean kvm
 +~~~
 +
 +
 +`~/.bash_aliases`
 +~~~bash
 +alias virsh="virsh -c qemu:///system"
 +~~~
 +
 +ou 
 +
 +`~/.bashrc`
 +~~~bash
 +export LIBVIRT_DEFAULT_URI="qemu:///system"
 +~~~
 +
 +~~~bash
 +virsh net-autostart default
 +virsh net-start default
 +~~~
 +
 +
 +`/etc/default/libvirt-guests`
 +~~~ini
 +#ON_BOOT=ignore
 +ON_BOOT=start
 +
 +#START_DELAY=0
 +START_DELAY=30
 +
 +#PARALLEL_SHUTDOWN=0
 +PARALLEL_SHUTDOWN=1
 +
 +#SHUTDOWN_TIMEOUT=300
 +SHUTDOWN_TIMEOUT=180
 +~~~
 +
 +Pour virt-sysprep (après clonage de VM)
 +~~~bash
 +apt-get install libguestfs-tools
 +~~~
 +
 +
 +### UEFI
 +
 +~~~bash
 +apt-get install ovmf
 +~~~
 +
 +## Virt-install
 +
 +Exemple : 
 +* https://raymii.org/s/articles/virt-install_introduction_and_copy_paste_distro_install_commands.html
 +* http://serverfault.com/questions/481244/preseed-command-string-fail-with-newline-character-using-virt-install-initrd-inj
 +
 +~~~bash
 +virt-install \
 +--name vm1 \
 +--ram 512 \
 +--location=http://ftp.us.debian.org/debian/dists/stable/main/installer-amd64/ \
 +--initrd-inject=/tmp/preseed.cfg \
 +--extra-args="console=ttyS0,115200n8 serial locale=fr_FR console-setup/ask_detect=false keyboard-configuration/layoutcode=fr hostname=virtual domain=unassigned-domain interface=auto" \
 +--vcpu=1 \
 +--vnc \
 +--vnclisten=0.0.0.0 \
 +--os-type=linux \
 +--os-variant=debianwheezy \
 +-w bridge=virbr0 \
 +-w bridge=br1 \
 +-w network=default \
 +--console pty,target_type=serial \
 +--disk format=qcow2,size=8,bus=virtio,path=/var/lib/libvirt/images/vm1.qcow2
 +~~~
 +
 +~~~
 +#--connect qemu:///system
 +#--location=http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/dists/precise/main/installer-amd64/ \
 +#--noautoconsole \
 +#--autostart \
 +#--cdrom=/var/lib/libvirt/images/test.iso \
 +~~~
 +
 +`--extra-args` ne marche que si `--location` est défini.
 +
 +
 +## Réseaux
 +
 +KVM Réseaux Bridge TUN 
 +
 +http://doc.fedora-fr.org/wiki/Discussion:Virtualisation_:_KVM,_Qemu,_libvirt_en_images
 +
 +## PCI Passthrough - IOMMU
 +
 +Voir :
 +* https://blog.zerosector.io/2018/07/28/kvm-qemu-windows-10-gpu-passthrough/
 +* https://www.deltasight.fr/pci-passthrough-nvidia-gtx-1050-kvm/
 +* https://jugulaire.github.io/GPU-passthrough-KVM-QEMU/
 +* https://www.debian-fr.org/t/kvm-et-passthrough-afin-de-se-passer-du-dual-boot/60794/5
 +* https://pve.proxmox.com/wiki/Pci_passthrough
 +* https://davidwin93.github.io/vfio_guide/
 +* https://developers.redhat.com/articles/2024/04/05/enable-gpu-acceleration-kernel-module-management-operator
 +
 +BIOS/UEFI
 +
 +Première étape, faire un tour dans le BIOS/UEFI pour activer les choses suivantes :
 +
 +    VT-D (cas d’un CPU intel)
 +    AMD-Vi (cas d’un CPU AMD)
 +
 +Pour vérifier :
 +
 +~~~
 +# dmesg | grep -e "Directed I/O"
 +[    1.693161] DMAR: Intel(R) Virtualization Technology for Directed I/O
 +~~~
 +
 +Pour du AMD :
 +~~~bash
 +dmesg | grep AMD-Vi
 +~~~
 +
 +Dans le BIOS activer "SR-IOV" ?
 +
 +
 +~~~
 +# ls /sys/class/iommu/*/
 +/sys/class/iommu/dmar2/:
 +devices  intel-iommu  power  subsystem  uevent
 +
 +/sys/class/iommu/dmar4/:
 +devices  intel-iommu  power  subsystem  uevent
 +
 +/sys/class/iommu/dmar5/:
 +devices  intel-iommu  power  subsystem  uevent
 +
 +/sys/class/iommu/dmar6/:
 +devices  intel-iommu  power  subsystem  uevent
 +
 +/sys/class/iommu/dmar7/:
 +devices  intel-iommu  power  subsystem  uevent
 +~~~
 +
 +`/etc/modprobe.d/blacklist-nouveau.conf`
 +~~~
 +blacklist nouveau
 +options nouveau modeset=0
 +~~~
 +
 +`/etc/default/grub`
 +~~~bash
 +#GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX_DEFAULT="modprobe.blacklist=nouveau modprobe.blacklist=nvidiafb"
 +#GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX="intel_iommu=on iommu=pt rd.driver.pre=vfio-pci video=efifb:off vfio_iommu_type1.allow_unsafe_interrupts=1"
 +
 +#GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX="kvm_iommu=on iommu=pt"
 +GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX="intel_iommu=on iommu=pt pci-stub.ids=10de:1b81,10de:10f1 video=efifb:off"
 +~~~
 +
 +~~~bash
 +update-grub
 +~~~
 +
 +~~~bash
 +echo "options vfio_iommu_type1 allow_unsafe_interrupts=1" > /etc/modprobe.d/iommu_unsafe_interrupts.conf
 +reboot
 +dmesg | grep 'remapping'
 +~~~
 +
 +Pour nvidia
 +~~~bash
 +echo "options kvm ignore_msrs=1 report_ignored_msrs=0" > /etc/modprobe.d/kvm.conf
 +~~~
 +
 +~~~
 +# lspci -nn | grep -i nvidia
 +3b:00.0 VGA compatible controller [0300]: NVIDIA Corporation GP104GL [Quadro P5000] [10de:1bb0] (rev a1)
 +3b:00.1 Audio device [0403]: NVIDIA Corporation GP104 High Definition Audio Controller [10de:10f0] (rev a1)
 +af:00.0 VGA compatible controller [0300]: NVIDIA Corporation GP104GL [Quadro P5000] [10de:1bb0] (rev a1)
 +af:00.1 Audio device [0403]: NVIDIA Corporation GP104 High Definition Audio Controller [10de:10f0] (rev a1)
 +~~~
 +
 +`/etc/modprobe.d/vfio.conf`
 +~~~baSh
 +#options vfio-pci ids=10de:1bb0,10de:10f0
 +options vfio-pci ids=10de:1bb0
 +options vfio-pci disable_vga=1
 +~~~
 +
 +~~~bash
 +echo 'vfio-pci' > /etc/modules-load.d/vfio-pci.conf
 +update-initramfs -u
 +~~~
 +
 +~~~
 +# dmesg | grep "Directed I/O"
 +[    1.705358] DMAR: Intel(R) Virtualization Technology for Directed I/O
 +~~~
 +
 +~~~bash
 +#!/bin/bash
 +shopt -s nullglob
 +for g in /sys/kernel/iommu_groups/*; do
 +    echo "IOMMU Group ${g##*/}:"
 +    for d in $g/devices/*; do
 +        echo -e "\t$(lspci -nns ${d##*/})"
 +    done;
 +done;
 +~~~
 +
 +
 +~~~bash
 +dmesg | grep -i vfio
 +~~~
 +
 +~~~
 +# lspci -nnk | grep -i -A 2 nvidia
 +3b:00.0 VGA compatible controller [0300]: NVIDIA Corporation GP104GL [Quadro P5000] [10de:1bb0] (rev a1)
 +        Subsystem: Dell GP104GL [Quadro P5000] [1028:11b2]
 +        Kernel driver in use: vfio-pci
 +--
 +3b:00.1 Audio device [0403]: NVIDIA Corporation GP104 High Definition Audio Controller [10de:10f0] (rev a1)
 +        Subsystem: Dell GP104 High Definition Audio Controller [1028:11b2]
 +        Kernel driver in use: snd_hda_intel
 +--
 +af:00.0 VGA compatible controller [0300]: NVIDIA Corporation GP104GL [Quadro P5000] [10de:1bb0] (rev a1)
 +        Subsystem: Dell GP104GL [Quadro P5000] [1028:11b2]
 +        Kernel driver in use: vfio-pci
 +--
 +af:00.1 Audio device [0403]: NVIDIA Corporation GP104 High Definition Audio Controller [10de:10f0] (rev a1)
 +        Subsystem: Dell GP104 High Definition Audio Controller [1028:11b2]
 +        Kernel driver in use: snd_hda_intel
 +~~~
 +
 +~~~
 +# echo "0000:3b:00.0" | tee /sys/bus/pci/drivers/vfio-pci/unbind
 +0000:3b:00.0
 +# echo "0000:3b:00.0" | tee /sys/bus/pci/drivers/vfio-pci/unbind
 +0000:3b:00.0
 +tee: /sys/bus/pci/drivers/vfio-pci/unbind: No such device
 +~~~
 +
 +~~~bash
 +cd /sys/bus/pci/devices/0000\:3b\:00.0
 +echo 1 > rom
 +cat rom > /tmp/gpu.rom
 +echo 0 > rom
 +~~~
 +
 +`/etc/libvirt/qemu/vm1.xml`
 +~~~xml
 +   <hostdev mode='subsystem' type='pci' managed='yes'>
 +      <source>
 +        <address domain='0x0000' bus='0x3b' slot='0x00' function='0x0'/>
 +      </source>
 +      <rom bar='on'/>
 +      <address type='pci' domain='0x0000' bus='0x08' slot='0x00' function='0x0'/>
 +    </hostdev>
 +    <hostdev mode='subsystem' type='pci' managed='yes'>
 +      <source>
 +        <address domain='0x0000' bus='0xaf' slot='0x00' function='0x0'/>
 +      </source>
 +      <rom bar='on'/>
 +      <address type='pci' domain='0x0000' bus='0x09' slot='0x00' function='0x0'/>
 +    </hostdev>
 +~~~
 +
 +
 +
 +## Autres
 +
 +Boot2docker
 +~~~bash
 +qemu-system-x86_64 -m 1G -accel kvm -kernel b2c-kernel -initrd b2c-initrd.xz \
 +-append 'b2c.run="-it docker.io/alpine:3.20" b2c.keymap=fr'
 +~~~
 +
 +Source : https://hal.science/hal-04893828v1/document
  
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