{{tag>Brouillon}} # Notes langue lang locale Temps timezone TZ Voir : * [[Notes fuseau horaire - timezone TZ - localtime - heure locale]] Voir aussi : * [[ubuntu-langue-clavier]] * [[pb_lang_qwerty_boot_cryptsetup]] ## SystemD ~~~bash #timedatectl list-timezones timedatectl set-timezone Europe/Paris ~~~ ## Avant SystemD ~~~bash echo "Europe/Helsinki" > /etc/timezone #dpkg-reconfigure tzdata dpkg-reconfigure --frontend noninteractive tzdata ~~~ ### Debian / Ubuntu `/etc/locale.gen` ~~~ fr_FR.UTF-8 UTF-8 ~~~ ~~~bash export LANG=fr_FR.UTF-8 export LANGUAGE=fr_FR:fr export LC_ALL=fr_FR.UTF-8 # LC_ALL=C.UTF-8 locale-gen dpkg-reconfigure locales update-locale LANG=fr_FR.UTF-8 ~~~ Ou ~~~bash locale-gen fr_FR.UTF-8 UTF-8 && dpkg-reconfigure locales ~~~ `/etc/default/keyboard` ~~~bash # KEYBOARD CONFIGURATION FILE # Consult the keyboard(5) manual page. XKBMODEL="pc105" XKBLAYOUT="fr" XKBVARIANT="latin9" XKBOPTIONS="" BACKSPACE="guess" ~~~ ~~~bash sudu setupcon ~~~ ### Redhat / CentOS Source : * https://access.redhat.com/documentation/en-US/Red_Hat_Enterprise_Linux/7/html/System_Administrators_Guide/s1-Changing_the_Keyboard_Layout.html Fichier de conf `/etc/locale.conf` ~~~ini LANG=en_US.utf8 ~~~ Afficher les infos ~~~bash localectl status ~~~ Langue ~~~bash localectl list-locales #localedef set-locale LANG=en_US.utf8 localedef set-locale LANG=fr_FR.utf8 ~~~ Clavier\\ Voir [Comment mater le clavier sous Linux?](http://bayledes.free.fr/systeme/linux_clavier.phtml) ~~~bash localectl list-keymaps #localectl set-keymap us localectl set-keymap fr #localectl set-x11-keymap fr ~~~ ## Pb ### Pb 1 ~~~ # loadkeys fr cannot open file fr ~~~ Solution ~~~bash apt-get install kbd console-data ~~~ ### Pb 2 Debian 9 ~~~bash localectl set-keymap fr ~~~ Après reboot, lightdm est bien en français par défaut (même si c'est **en_US.utf8** qui est affiché) Par contre la console TTY est toujours en querty. Il faut à chaque fois faire ~~~bash loadkeys fr # idem pour X11 setxkbmap fr ~~~ **loadkeys persistent**, **loadkeys permanent** Il est possible d'ajouter cette commande dans le bashrc, mais existe-il un autre moyen de rendre pour loadkeys persistent Solution : ~~~bash apt-get install console-setup ~~~ Si cela ne marche toujours pas ~~~bash apt-get install console-data apt-get install console-setup apt-get install keyboard-configuration dpkg-reconfigure console-data dpkg-reconfigure console-setup dpkg-reconfigure keyboard-configuration reboot ~~~ ## Debian - set locale ~~~ WARNING! Your environment specifies an invalid locale. The unknown environment variables are: LC_CTYPE=en_US.UTF-8 LC_MESSAGES=en_US.UTF-8 LC_ALL= This can affect your user experience significantly, including the ability to manage packages. You may install the locales by running: sudo apt-get install language-pack-en or sudo locale-gen en_US.UTF-8 To see all available language packs, run: apt-cache search "^language-pack-[a-z][a-z]$" To disable this message for all users, run: sudo touch /var/lib/cloud/instance/locale-check.skip ~~~ ## Autres a `/etc/initramfs-tools/initramfs.conf` ~~~ini #KEYMAP=n KEYMAP=y ~~~ ~~~bash update-initramfs -u -k all ~~~ b ~~~ GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX=”rd.lvm.lv=centos/swap vconsole.keymap=us crashkernel=auto rd.lvm.lv=centos/root vconsole.font=latarcyrheb-sun16 rhgb quiet net.ifnames=0 biosdevname=0″ ~~~ ~~~bash grub2-mkconfig -o /boot/grub2/grub.cfg ~~~ autres ~~~bash locale-gen fr_FR.UTF-8 UTF-8 ~~~ Ce qui revient à créer `/etc/locale.gen` ~~~ # This file lists locales that you wish to have built. You can find a list # of valid supported locales at /usr/share/i18n/SUPPORTED, and you can add # user defined locales to /usr/local/share/i18n/SUPPORTED. If you change # this file, you need to rerun locale-gen. en_US.UTF-8 UTF-8 fr_FR.UTF-8 UTF-8 ~~~ ~~~bash update-locale LANG=fr_FR.UTF-8 ~~~ Ce qui revient à `/etc/default/locale` ~~~bash # File generated by update-locale LANG=fr_FR.UTF-8 ~~~ ~~~bash dpkg-reconfigure -f noninteractive locales env DEBIAN_FRONTEND=noninteractive apt-get install console-setup ~~~