blog
Table des matières
- 2026:
- 2025:
4 billet(s) pour juillet 2026
| Procédure simple augmentation de la SWAP | 2026/07/17 15:49 | Jean-Baptiste |
| Exemple git clone avec Ansible | 2026/07/16 14:47 | Jean-Baptiste |
| Windows exe - Comparaison de fichiers binaires | 2026/07/16 10:25 | Jean-Baptiste |
| Pb git | 2026/07/01 17:36 | Jean-Baptiste |
KVM LibVirt
Voir :
Votre CPU gère t-il VT ou AMD-V ?
egrep --color '^flags.*(vmx |svm )' /proc/cpuinfo
Ou
apt-get install cpu-checker
kvm-ok
cat /sys/module/kvm_intel/parameters/nested cat /sys/module/kvm_amd/parameters/nested
Parfois il faut activer l'option dans le BIOS
# virt-host-validate ... LXC: Checking if device /sys/fs/fuse/connections exists : FAIL (Load the 'fuse' module to enable /proc/ overrides) echo fuse >> /etc/modules modprobe fuse
Sous RedHat désactiver le NetworkManager
systemctl stop NetworkManager systemctl disable NetworkManager
et ajouter la ligne suivante dans /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-*
/etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-*
NM_CONTROLLED=no
Install
apt-get install --no-install-recommends qemu-kvm libvirt-clients libvirt-daemon-system
adduser jean libvirt
#adduser jean kvm
~/.bash_aliases
alias virsh="virsh -c qemu:///system"
ou
~/.bashrc
export LIBVIRT_DEFAULT_URI="qemu:///system"
virsh net-autostart default virsh net-start default
/etc/default/libvirt-guests
#ON_BOOT=ignore ON_BOOT=start #START_DELAY=0 START_DELAY=30 #PARALLEL_SHUTDOWN=0 PARALLEL_SHUTDOWN=1 #SHUTDOWN_TIMEOUT=300 SHUTDOWN_TIMEOUT=180
Pour virt-sysprep (après clonage de VM)
apt-get install libguestfs-tools
UEFI
apt-get install ovmf
Virt-install
Exemple :
virt-install \ --name vm1 \ --ram 512 \ --location=http://ftp.us.debian.org/debian/dists/stable/main/installer-amd64/ \ --initrd-inject=/tmp/preseed.cfg \ --extra-args="console=ttyS0,115200n8 serial locale=fr_FR console-setup/ask_detect=false keyboard-configuration/layoutcode=fr hostname=virtual domain=unassigned-domain interface=auto" \ --vcpu=1 \ --vnc \ --vnclisten=0.0.0.0 \ --os-type=linux \ --os-variant=debianwheezy \ -w bridge=virbr0 \ -w bridge=br1 \ -w network=default \ --console pty,target_type=serial \ --disk format=qcow2,size=8,bus=virtio,path=/var/lib/libvirt/images/vm1.qcow2
#--connect qemu:///system #--location=http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/dists/precise/main/installer-amd64/ \ #--noautoconsole \ #--autostart \ #--cdrom=/var/lib/libvirt/images/test.iso \
--extra-args ne marche que si --location est défini.
Réseaux
KVM Réseaux Bridge TUN
http://doc.fedora-fr.org/wiki/Discussion:Virtualisation_:_KVM,_Qemu,_libvirt_en_images
PCI Passthrough - IOMMU
Voir :
BIOS/UEFI
Première étape, faire un tour dans le BIOS/UEFI pour activer les choses suivantes :
VT-D (cas d’un CPU intel) AMD-Vi (cas d’un CPU AMD)
Pour vérifier :
# dmesg | grep -e "Directed I/O" [ 1.693161] DMAR: Intel(R) Virtualization Technology for Directed I/O
Pour du AMD :
dmesg | grep AMD-Vi
Dans le BIOS activer “SR-IOV” ?
# ls /sys/class/iommu/*/ /sys/class/iommu/dmar2/: devices intel-iommu power subsystem uevent /sys/class/iommu/dmar4/: devices intel-iommu power subsystem uevent /sys/class/iommu/dmar5/: devices intel-iommu power subsystem uevent /sys/class/iommu/dmar6/: devices intel-iommu power subsystem uevent /sys/class/iommu/dmar7/: devices intel-iommu power subsystem uevent
/etc/modprobe.d/blacklist-nouveau.conf
blacklist nouveau options nouveau modeset=0
/etc/default/grub
#GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX_DEFAULT="modprobe.blacklist=nouveau modprobe.blacklist=nvidiafb" #GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX="intel_iommu=on iommu=pt rd.driver.pre=vfio-pci video=efifb:off vfio_iommu_type1.allow_unsafe_interrupts=1" #GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX="kvm_iommu=on iommu=pt" GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX="intel_iommu=on iommu=pt pci-stub.ids=10de:1b81,10de:10f1 video=efifb:off"
update-grub
echo "options vfio_iommu_type1 allow_unsafe_interrupts=1" > /etc/modprobe.d/iommu_unsafe_interrupts.conf reboot dmesg | grep 'remapping'
Pour nvidia
echo "options kvm ignore_msrs=1 report_ignored_msrs=0" > /etc/modprobe.d/kvm.conf
# lspci -nn | grep -i nvidia 3b:00.0 VGA compatible controller [0300]: NVIDIA Corporation GP104GL [Quadro P5000] [10de:1bb0] (rev a1) 3b:00.1 Audio device [0403]: NVIDIA Corporation GP104 High Definition Audio Controller [10de:10f0] (rev a1) af:00.0 VGA compatible controller [0300]: NVIDIA Corporation GP104GL [Quadro P5000] [10de:1bb0] (rev a1) af:00.1 Audio device [0403]: NVIDIA Corporation GP104 High Definition Audio Controller [10de:10f0] (rev a1)
/etc/modprobe.d/vfio.conf
#options vfio-pci ids=10de:1bb0,10de:10f0 options vfio-pci ids=10de:1bb0 options vfio-pci disable_vga=1
echo 'vfio-pci' > /etc/modules-load.d/vfio-pci.conf update-initramfs -u
# dmesg | grep "Directed I/O" [ 1.705358] DMAR: Intel(R) Virtualization Technology for Directed I/O
#!/bin/bash shopt -s nullglob for g in /sys/kernel/iommu_groups/*; do echo "IOMMU Group ${g##*/}:" for d in $g/devices/*; do echo -e "\t$(lspci -nns ${d##*/})" done; done;
dmesg | grep -i vfio
# lspci -nnk | grep -i -A 2 nvidia
3b:00.0 VGA compatible controller [0300]: NVIDIA Corporation GP104GL [Quadro P5000] [10de:1bb0] (rev a1)
Subsystem: Dell GP104GL [Quadro P5000] [1028:11b2]
Kernel driver in use: vfio-pci
--
3b:00.1 Audio device [0403]: NVIDIA Corporation GP104 High Definition Audio Controller [10de:10f0] (rev a1)
Subsystem: Dell GP104 High Definition Audio Controller [1028:11b2]
Kernel driver in use: snd_hda_intel
--
af:00.0 VGA compatible controller [0300]: NVIDIA Corporation GP104GL [Quadro P5000] [10de:1bb0] (rev a1)
Subsystem: Dell GP104GL [Quadro P5000] [1028:11b2]
Kernel driver in use: vfio-pci
--
af:00.1 Audio device [0403]: NVIDIA Corporation GP104 High Definition Audio Controller [10de:10f0] (rev a1)
Subsystem: Dell GP104 High Definition Audio Controller [1028:11b2]
Kernel driver in use: snd_hda_intel
# echo "0000:3b:00.0" | tee /sys/bus/pci/drivers/vfio-pci/unbind 0000:3b:00.0 # echo "0000:3b:00.0" | tee /sys/bus/pci/drivers/vfio-pci/unbind 0000:3b:00.0 tee: /sys/bus/pci/drivers/vfio-pci/unbind: No such device
cd /sys/bus/pci/devices/0000\:3b\:00.0 echo 1 > rom cat rom > /tmp/gpu.rom echo 0 > rom
/etc/libvirt/qemu/vm1.xml
<hostdev mode='subsystem' type='pci' managed='yes'> <source> <address domain='0x0000' bus='0x3b' slot='0x00' function='0x0'/> </source> <rom bar='on'/> <address type='pci' domain='0x0000' bus='0x08' slot='0x00' function='0x0'/> </hostdev> <hostdev mode='subsystem' type='pci' managed='yes'> <source> <address domain='0x0000' bus='0xaf' slot='0x00' function='0x0'/> </source> <rom bar='on'/> <address type='pci' domain='0x0000' bus='0x09' slot='0x00' function='0x0'/> </hostdev>
Autres
Boot2docker
qemu-system-x86_64 -m 1G -accel kvm -kernel b2c-kernel -initrd b2c-initrd.xz \ -append 'b2c.run="-it docker.io/alpine:3.20" b2c.keymap=fr'
Git facile
PC Dépôt
mkdir test.git cd test.git mkdir test.git
PC1
echo "test1" > test1.txt echo "test1" > test.txt
PC2
echo "test2" > test2.txt echo "test2" > test.txt
PC3
echo "test3" > test3.txt echo "test3" > test.txt
PC1, PC2, PC3
git init git add . git commit -m "1ere initialisation"
PC1
git push -u git@koala:test.git master
PC2, PC3
git pull git@koala:test.git # Pour chaque conflit : modifier fichier en question git add fichier_conflict git commit git push -u git@koala:test.git master
PC1, PC2, PC3
git add . git commit git pull git@koala:test.git git add . git commit git push -u git@koala:test.git master
###########
Merge koala:test
Conflicts:
test.txt
#
Noyau Linux Debian
Voir aussi :
Méthode I
cat >> /etc/apt/sources.list <<EOF deb http://linux-libre.fsfla.org/pub/linux-libre/freesh freesh main EOF
# apt-get update && apt-get install linux-libre64 linux-libre64-headers 259 ko réceptionnés en 5s (49,8 ko/s) Lecture des listes de paquets... Fait W: Erreur de GPG : http://linux-libre.fsfla.org freesh InRelease : Les signatures suivantes n'ont pas pu être vérifiées car la clé publique n'est pas disponible : NO_PUBKEY 6FCB32C947486962
$ #gpg --keyserver pgpkeys.mit.edu --recv-key 6FCB32C947486962 $ gpg --keyserver pool.sks-keyservers.net --recv-key 6FCB32C947486962 gpg: le porte-clefs « /root/.gnupg/secring.gpg » a été créé gpg: demande de la clef 47486962 sur le serveur hkp pgpkeys.mit.edu gpg: clef 47486962 : clef publique « Jason Self <jself@gnu.org> » importée gpg: aucune clef de confiance ultime n'a été trouvée gpg: Quantité totale traitée : 1 gpg: importées : 1
$ gpg -a --export 6FCB32C947486962 | sudo apt-key add - OK
Autre
Connaitre la version du noyau à partir des sources
make kernelversion
tmp draft zabbix zabcon
Notes Zabcon - ne marche pas chez moi
http://trac.red-tux.net/ http://www.zabbix.com/img/zabconf2011/presentations/Andrew_Nelson_-_Zabbix_Console.pdf
apt-get install ruby-highline gem install --user zabcon zbxapi export PATH=$PATH:/home/jean/.gem/ruby/2.1.0/bin https://github.com/red-tux/zabcon/blob/master/zabcon.conf.default
Erreur
zabcon.rb x86_64-linux-gnu Runtime error detected (RuntimeError): Unbalanced String: help commands Top 10 items in backtrace 1: /home/jean/.gem/ruby/2.1.0/gems/zabcon-0.0.392/libs/utility_items.rb:120:in `split2' 2: /home/jean/.gem/ruby/2.1.0/gems/zabcon-0.0.392/libs/command_tree.rb:663:in `add_command' 3: /home/jean/.gem/ruby/2.1.0/gems/zabcon-0.0.392/libs/zabcon_commands.rb:55:in `<top (required)>' 4: /usr/lib/ruby/2.1.0/rubygems/core_ext/kernel_require.rb:55:in `require' 5: /usr/lib/ruby/2.1.0/rubygems/core_ext/kernel_require.rb:55:in `require' 6: /home/jean/.gem/ruby/2.1.0/gems/zabcon-0.0.392/libs/zabcon_core.rb:42:in `<top (required)>' 7: /usr/lib/ruby/2.1.0/rubygems/core_ext/kernel_require.rb:55:in `require' 8: /usr/lib/ruby/2.1.0/rubygems/core_ext/kernel_require.rb:55:in `require' 9: /home/jean/.gem/ruby/2.1.0/gems/zabcon-0.0.392/zabcon.rb:315:in `run' 10: /home/jean/.gem/ruby/2.1.0/gems/zabcon-0.0.392/zabcon.rb:326:in `<top (required)>'
Tests - Web
Voir :
- Zabbix
- Jmeter
Cypress
<HTML> <body> <h1>Result<h1> </body> </HTML>
cy.get('h1').contains('Result')
blog.txt · Dernière modification : de 127.0.0.1