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4 billet(s) pour janvier 2026

AWX sur K8S Kind - partage de fichier pour les blob - Execution pods2026/01/26 10:15Jean-Baptiste
Notes rsh rcp2026/01/21 18:08Jean-Baptiste
Git - Duplication d'un dépôt2026/01/19 10:22Jean-Baptiste
Exemple simple de conf Nagios2026/01/14 10:07Jean-Baptiste

Notes uptime reboot shutdown stime

Voir les fichiers :

  • /var/log/auth.log
  • /var/log/secure
  • /var/log/audit/audit.log
# uptime 
 15:00:24 up  3:15,  5 users,  load average: 0.39, 0.45, 0.50

# ps -p 1 -o stime
STIME
11:44

# who -b
         démarrage système 2018-11-30 11:44
        
# lastb
         tty1                          Fri Nov 30 11:51 - 11:51  (00:00)    

btmp begins Fri Nov 30 11:51:28 2018
 

# last reboot
# last -aiF
# last -a --dns
# last -x
# last -x shutdown reboot root
# last -5 shutdown reboot root


$ uptime -s
2018-11-30 08:01:03

Auditd aureport

Voir : Notes auditd 

# aureport -ts 30/11/2018 11:30:00 -te 30/11/2018 11:45:00 -e -i

Event Report
===================================
# date time event type auid success
===================================
1. 30/11/2018 11:35:39 1272 CRYPTO_SESSION user1 yes
2. 30/11/2018 11:35:39 1273 CRYPTO_SESSION user1 yes
3. 30/11/2018 11:35:40 1274 CRYPTO_KEY_USER user1 yes
4. 30/11/2018 11:35:40 1275 CRYPTO_KEY_USER user1 yes
5. 30/11/2018 11:44:03 1276 SYSTEM_RUNLEVEL unset yes
6. 30/11/2018 11:44:03 1277 SYSTEM_SHUTDOWN unset yes
7. 30/11/2018 11:44:06 1281 CRYPTO_KEY_USER unset yes
8. 30/11/2018 11:44:06 1282 CRYPTO_KEY_USER unset yes
9. 30/11/2018 11:44:06 1283 USER_END user1 yes


# aureport -ts 30/11/2018 11:42:00 -te 30/11/2018 11:45:00 -tm

Terminal Report
====================================
# date time term host exe auid event
====================================
1. 30/11/2018 11:44:03 ? ? /sbin/shutdown -1 1276
2. 30/11/2018 11:44:03 ? ? /sbin/shutdown -1 1277
3. 30/11/2018 11:44:06 ? ? /usr/sbin/sshd -1 1281
4. 30/11/2018 11:44:06 ? ? /usr/sbin/sshd -1 1282
5. 30/11/2018 11:44:06 ssh 192.168.2.21 /usr/sbin/sshd 5005 1283
6. 30/11/2018 11:44:06 ssh 192.168.2.21 /usr/sbin/sshd 5005 1284
7. 30/11/2018 11:44:06 ssh 192.168.2.21 /usr/sbin/sshd 5005 1285
8. 30/11/2018 11:44:06 ssh 192.168.2.21 /usr/sbin/sshd 5005 1286

# aureport -ts 30/11/2018 11:00:00 -te 30/11/2018 11:45:00 -u -i

User ID Report
====================================
# date time auid term host exe event
====================================
1. 30/11/2018 11:01:01 unset cron ? /usr/sbin/crond 1266
2. 30/11/2018 11:01:01 unset cron ? /usr/sbin/crond 1267
3. 30/11/2018 11:01:01 root ? ? ? 1268
4. 30/11/2018 11:01:01 root cron ? /usr/sbin/crond 1269
5. 30/11/2018 11:01:01 root cron ? /usr/sbin/crond 1270
6. 30/11/2018 11:01:01 root cron ? /usr/sbin/crond 1271
7. 30/11/2018 11:35:39 user1 ? 192.168.2.21 /usr/sbin/sshd 1272
8. 30/11/2018 11:35:39 user1 ? 192.168.2.21 /usr/sbin/sshd 1273
9. 30/11/2018 11:35:40 user1 ? 192.168.2.21 /usr/sbin/sshd 1274
10. 30/11/2018 11:35:40 user1 ? 192.168.2.21 /usr/sbin/sshd 1275
11. 30/11/2018 11:44:03 unset ? ? /sbin/shutdown 1276
12. 30/11/2018 11:44:03 unset ? ? /sbin/shutdown 1277
13. 30/11/2018 11:44:06 unset ? ? /usr/sbin/sshd 1281
14. 30/11/2018 11:44:06 unset ? ? /usr/sbin/sshd 1282
15. 30/11/2018 11:44:06 user1 ssh 192.168.2.21 /usr/sbin/sshd 1283
16. 30/11/2018 11:44:06 user1 ssh 192.168.2.21 /usr/sbin/sshd 1284
17. 30/11/2018 11:44:06 user1 ssh 192.168.2.21 /usr/sbin/sshd 1285
18. 30/11/2018 11:44:06 user1 ssh 192.168.2.21 /usr/sbin/sshd 1286
19. 30/11/2018 11:44:06 user1 ? 192.168.2.21 /usr/sbin/sshd 1287
20. 30/11/2018 11:44:06 user1 ? 192.168.2.21 /usr/sbin/sshd 1288
21. 30/11/2018 11:44:06 user1 ssh 192.168.2.21 /usr/sbin/sshd 1289
22. 30/11/2018 11:44:06 user1 ssh 192.168.2.21 /usr/sbin/sshd 1290
23. 30/11/2018 11:44:06 user1 /dev/pts/0 ? /usr/sbin/sshd 1291
24. 30/11/2018 11:44:06 user1 /dev/pts/0 ? /usr/sbin/sshd 1292
25. 30/11/2018 11:44:06 user1 ? 192.168.2.21 /usr/sbin/sshd 1293
26. 30/11/2018 11:44:06 user1 ? 192.168.2.21 /usr/sbin/sshd 1294
27. 30/11/2018 11:44:05 unset (none) ? /sbin/iptables-multi-1.4.7 1278
28. 30/11/2018 11:44:05 unset (none) ? /sbin/iptables-multi-1.4.7 1279
29. 30/11/2018 11:44:05 unset (none) ? /sbin/iptables-multi-1.4.7 1280
30. 30/11/2018 11:44:10 unset ? ? /sbin/shutdown 1295
31. 30/11/2018 11:44:10 unset ? ? /sbin/shutdown 1296
32. 30/11/2018 11:44:10 unset ? ? /sbin/shutdown 1297
33. 30/11/2018 11:44:10 unset ? ? /sbin/shutdown 1298
34. 30/11/2018 11:44:58 unset console ? /bin/su 4
35. 30/11/2018 11:44:58 unset console ? /bin/su 5
36. 30/11/2018 11:44:58 unset console ? /bin/su 6
37. 30/11/2018 11:44:58 unset console ? /bin/su 7
38. 30/11/2018 11:44:59 unset console ? /bin/su 8
39. 30/11/2018 11:44:59 unset console ? /bin/su 9
40. 30/11/2018 11:44:59 unset console ? /bin/su 10
41. 30/11/2018 11:44:59 unset console ? /bin/su 11
42. 30/11/2018 11:44:59 unset console ? /bin/su 12
43. 30/11/2018 11:44:59 unset console ? /bin/su 13
44. 30/11/2018 11:44:59 unset console ? /bin/su 14
45. 30/11/2018 11:44:59 unset console ? /bin/su 15

Exemple de crash. J'ai ajouté '> ' devant les lignes concernées 

# last -xF reboot shutdown
reboot   system boot  4.9.0-8-amd64    Tue Dec  1 10:59:41 2020   still running
shutdown system down  4.9.0-8-amd64    Tue Dec  1 10:59:04 2020 - Tue Dec  1 10:59:41 2020  (00:00)
reboot   system boot  4.9.0-8-amd64    Tue Dec  1 09:24:25 2020 - Tue Dec  1 10:59:04 2020  (01:34)
shutdown system down  4.9.0-8-amd64    Tue Dec  1 09:23:47 2020 - Tue Dec  1 09:24:25 2020  (00:00)
reboot   system boot  4.9.0-8-amd64    Tue Dec  1 09:01:15 2020 - Tue Dec  1 09:23:47 2020  (00:22)
shutdown system down  4.9.0-8-amd64    Sat Nov 28 09:02:37 2020 - Tue Dec  1 09:01:15 2020 (2+23:58)
> reboot   system boot  4.9.0-8-amd64    Fri Nov 27 04:57:54 2020 - Sat Nov 28 09:02:37 2020 (1+04:04)
reboot   system boot  4.9.0-8-amd64    Thu Nov 26 15:56:26 2020 - Sat Nov 28 09:02:37 2020 (1+17:06)
shutdown system down  4.9.0-8-amd64    Thu Nov 26 15:49:09 2020 - Thu Nov 26 15:56:26 2020  (00:07)
> reboot   system boot  4.9.0-8-amd64    Thu Nov 26 15:47:48 2020 - Thu Nov 26 15:49:09 2020  (00:01)
reboot   system boot  4.9.0-8-amd64    Thu Nov 26 15:11:50 2020 - Thu Nov 26 15:49:09 2020  (00:37)
shutdown system down  4.9.0-8-amd64    Thu Nov 26 15:11:07 2020 - Thu Nov 26 15:11:50 2020  (00:00)
reboot   system boot  4.9.0-8-amd64    Thu Nov 26 15:03:32 2020 - Thu Nov 26 15:11:07 2020  (00:07)
shutdown system down  4.9.0-8-amd64    Thu Nov 26 15:00:07 2020 - Thu Nov 26 15:03:32 2020  (00:03)
reboot   system boot  4.9.0-8-amd64    Thu Nov 26 14:58:50 2020 - Thu Nov 26 15:00:07 2020  (00:01)
shutdown system down  4.9.0-8-amd64    Thu Nov 26 12:48:56 2020 - Thu Nov 26 14:58:50 2020  (02:09)
> reboot   system boot  4.9.0-8-amd64    Thu Nov 26 08:05:37 2020 - Thu Nov 26 12:48:56 2020  (04:43)
reboot   system boot  4.9.0-8-amd64    Wed Nov 25 14:59:50 2020 - Thu Nov 26 12:48:56 2020  (21:49)
shutdown system down  4.9.0-8-amd64    Wed Nov 25 14:57:52 2020 - Wed Nov 25 14:59:50 2020  (00:01)
reboot   system boot  4.9.0-8-amd64    Wed Nov 25 14:57:00 2020 - Wed Nov 25 14:57:52 2020  (00:00)
shutdown system down  4.9.0-8-amd64    Wed Nov 25 14:44:33 2020 - Wed Nov 25 14:57:00 2020  (00:12)
reboot   system boot  4.9.0-8-amd64    Wed Nov 25 14:43:11 2020 - Wed Nov 25 14:44:33 2020  (00:01)
shutdown system down  4.9.0-8-amd64    Wed Nov 25 14:42:33 2020 - Wed Nov 25 14:43:11 2020  (00:00)
reboot   system boot  4.9.0-8-amd64    Wed Nov 25 14:40:44 2020 - Wed Nov 25 14:42:33 2020  (00:01)
shutdown system down  4.9.0-8-amd64    Wed Nov 25 14:40:07 2020 - Wed Nov 25 14:40:44 2020  (00:00)
> reboot   system boot  4.9.0-8-amd64    Wed Nov 25 14:21:43 2020 - Wed Nov 25 14:40:07 2020  (00:18)
> reboot   system boot  4.9.0-8-amd64    Wed Nov 25 13:45:45 2020 - Wed Nov 25 14:40:07 2020  (00:54)
> reboot   system boot  4.9.0-8-amd64    Wed Nov 25 06:14:31 2020 - Wed Nov 25 14:40:07 2020  (08:25)
> reboot   system boot  4.9.0-8-amd64    Wed Nov 25 04:59:05 2020 - Wed Nov 25 14:40:07 2020  (09:41)
> reboot   system boot  4.9.0-8-amd64    Wed Nov 25 04:27:03 2020 - Wed Nov 25 14:40:07 2020  (10:13)
> reboot   system boot  4.9.0-8-amd64    Wed Nov 25 04:03:13 2020 - Wed Nov 25 14:40:07 2020  (10:36)
> reboot   system boot  4.9.0-8-amd64    Wed Nov 25 03:29:28 2020 - Wed Nov 25 14:40:07 2020  (11:10)
> reboot   system boot  4.9.0-8-amd64    Tue Nov 24 18:01:42 2020 - Wed Nov 25 14:40:07 2020  (20:38)
> reboot   system boot  4.9.0-8-amd64    Tue Nov 24 11:35:04 2020 - Wed Nov 25 14:40:07 2020 (1+03:05)
> reboot   system boot  4.9.0-8-amd64    Tue Nov 24 03:15:07 2020 - Wed Nov 25 14:40:07 2020 (1+11:25)
> reboot   system boot  4.9.0-8-amd64    Tue Nov 24 02:14:00 2020 - Wed Nov 25 14:40:07 2020 (1+12:26)
> reboot   system boot  4.9.0-8-amd64    Mon Nov 23 15:54:34 2020 - Wed Nov 25 14:40:07 2020 (1+22:45)
> reboot   system boot  4.9.0-8-amd64    Mon Nov 23 15:45:29 2020 - Wed Nov 25 14:40:07 2020 (1+22:54)
> reboot   system boot  4.9.0-8-amd64    Mon Nov 23 07:37:38 2020 - Wed Nov 25 14:40:07 2020 (2+07:02)
> reboot   system boot  4.9.0-8-amd64    Mon Nov 23 04:31:22 2020 - Wed Nov 25 14:40:07 2020 (2+10:08)
> reboot   system boot  4.9.0-8-amd64    Sat Nov 21 18:10:22 2020 - Wed Nov 25 14:40:07 2020 (3+20:29)
reboot   system boot  4.9.0-8-amd64    Thu Nov 19 18:45:32 2020 - Wed Nov 25 14:40:07 2020 (5+19:54)
shutdown system down  4.9.0-8-amd64    Thu Nov 19 18:37:38 2020 - Thu Nov 19 18:45:32 2020  (00:07)
reboot   system boot  4.9.0-8-amd64    Thu Nov 19 18:33:25 2020 - Thu Nov 19 18:37:38 2020  (00:04)
shutdown system down  4.9.0-8-amd64    Thu Nov 19 18:32:02 2020 - Thu Nov 19 18:33:25 2020  (00:01)
> reboot   system boot  4.9.0-8-amd64    Thu Nov 19 09:21:56 2020 - Thu Nov 19 18:32:02 2020  (09:10)
> reboot   system boot  4.9.0-8-amd64    Thu Nov 19 02:49:49 2020 - Thu Nov 19 18:32:02 2020  (15:42)
reboot   system boot  4.9.0-8-amd64    Tue Nov 17 09:20:40 2020 - Thu Nov 19 18:32:02 2020 (2+09:11)
shutdown system down  4.9.0-8-amd64    Tue Nov 17 09:19:57 2020 - Tue Nov 17 09:20:40 2020  (00:00)
reboot   system boot  4.9.0-8-amd64    Tue Nov 17 10:33:39 2020 - Tue Nov 17 09:19:57 2020  (-1:-13)
shutdown system down  4.9.0-8-amd64    Tue Nov 17 01:49:22 2020 - Tue Nov 17 10:33:39 2020  (08:44)
reboot   system boot  4.9.0-8-amd64    Tue Nov 17 01:47:26 2020 - Tue Nov 17 01:49:22 2020  (00:01)
shutdown system down  4.9.0-8-amd64    Tue Nov 17 01:40:34 2020 - Tue Nov 17 01:47:26 2020  (00:06)
reboot   system boot  4.9.0-8-amd64    Tue Nov 17 01:34:07 2020 - Tue Nov 17 01:40:34 2020  (00:06)
shutdown system down  4.9.0-8-amd64    Mon Nov 16 14:15:14 2020 - Tue Nov 17 01:34:07 2020  (11:18)
reboot   system boot  4.9.0-8-amd64    Mon Nov 16 13:50:51 2020 - Mon Nov 16 14:15:14 2020  (00:24)
shutdown system down  4.9.0-8-amd64    Mon Nov 16 12:04:12 2020 - Mon Nov 16 13:50:51 2020  (01:46)
reboot   system boot  4.9.0-8-amd64    Mon Nov 16 12:00:40 2020 - Mon Nov 16 12:04:12 2020  (00:03)
shutdown system down  4.9.0-8-amd64    Mon Nov 16 11:59:59 2020 - Mon Nov 16 12:00:40 2020  (00:00)
reboot   system boot  4.9.0-8-amd64    Mon Nov 16 11:44:51 2020 - Mon Nov 16 11:59:59 2020  (00:15)
shutdown system down  4.9.0-8-amd64    Mon Nov 16 11:35:48 2020 - Mon Nov 16 11:44:51 2020  (00:09)
reboot   system boot  4.9.0-8-amd64    Mon Nov 16 11:33:51 2020 - Mon Nov 16 11:35:48 2020  (00:01)
shutdown system down  4.9.0-8-amd64    Mon Nov 16 11:32:11 2020 - Mon Nov 16 11:33:51 2020  (00:01)
reboot   system boot  4.9.0-8-amd64    Mon Nov 16 11:29:10 2020 - Mon Nov 16 11:32:11 2020  (00:03)

wtmp begins Sun Nov  1 06:37:41 2020

List of unexpected shutdown. Normally “reboot” should come after “shutdown”

2025/03/24 15:06

Notes unionfs aufs overlayfs squashfs

Exemple Aufs

mkdir /tmp/combined/
mkdir /dev/shm/overlay
mount -t aufs -o br:/dev/shm/overlay:/media/cdrom=ro  none /tmp/combined
 
mount --bind /tmp/combined/ /media/cdrom/

Exemple avec overlayfs

Voir :

Pour Clonezilla Live CD, lecture écriture sur /home/partimag (modif non persistante) 

mkdir /dev/shm/overlay /dev/shm/tmp
mount -t overlay -o lowerdir=/home/partimag,upperdir=/dev/shm/overlay,workdir=/dev/shm/tmp none /home/partimag

Notes : /dev/shm est une sorte de RAM FS.

Par défaut les droits sont restés en 555 (Lecture + Exécution) 

chmod u+w sd*-pt.parted
2025/03/24 15:06
,

Notes udev udevadm

Voir : 

# udevadm control --log-priority=debug
error sending message: Connection refused
udevadm[2825]: error sending message: Connection refused

udevd n'est pas démarré

2025/03/24 15:06
,

Notes Ubuntu multipass virt instance creator

Ce truc de Ubuntu install et démarre un service lancé avec le compte root

Voir :

Voir aussi :

  • Vagrant
sudo snap install multipass
sudo snap connect multipass:libvirt
 
multipass stop --all
 
multipass set local.passphrase
 
multipass authenticate
 
multipass set local.driver=libvirt

Redémarrer le service 

snap stop multipass
snap start multipass
2025/03/24 15:06
,

Tuner TV TNT

Voir :

Voir aussi : 

apt-get install kaffeine vlc w-scan me-tv
# lsusb
Bus 002 Device 002: ID 0ccd:005e TerraTec Electronic GmbH 
# lsmod |egrep "em28|dvb"
em28xx_rc              17221  0 
rc_core                22404  3 rc_terratec_cinergy_xs,em28xx_rc
em28xx_dvb             29649  0 
dvb_core              102010  1 em28xx_dvb
em28xx_alsa            17530  1 
em28xx_v4l             35406  0 
videobuf2_vmalloc      12816  1 em28xx_v4l
videobuf2_core         47787  1 em28xx_v4l
em28xx                 76314  4 em28xx_dvb,em28xx_v4l,em28xx_rc,em28xx_alsa
tveeprom               20593  1 em28xx
v4l2_common            12995  5 tuner,em28xx_v4l,em28xx,tvp5150,videobuf2_core
videodev              126451  6 tuner,em28xx_v4l,em28xx,tvp5150,v4l2_common,videobuf2_core
snd_pcm                88662  5 snd_pcm_oss,snd_hda_codec,snd_hda_intel,snd_hda_controller,em28xx_alsa
snd                    65338  18 snd_hda_codec_realtek,snd_pcm_oss,snd_hwdep,snd_timer,snd_pcm,snd_hda_codec_generic,snd_hda_codec,snd_hda_intel,snd_mixer_oss,em28xx_alsa
i2c_core               46012  15 drm,tuner,em28xx_dvb,i2c_piix4,zl10353,drm_kms_helper,i2c_algo_bit,em28xx,tvp5150,v4l2_common,tveeprom,radeon,tuner_xc2028,em28xx_rc,videodev
usbcore               195468  10 em28xx_dvb,em28xx_v4l,usb_storage,em28xx,ohci_hcd,ohci_pci,ehci_hcd,ehci_pci,usbhid,em28xx_alsa
usb_common             12440  2 usbcore,em28xx_alsa

Autres

/dev/dvb/adapter0/frontend0 

# dmesg | grep -i dvb
[  746.408324] em28xx: DVB interface 0 found: isoc
[  746.580461] em2882/3 #0: dvb set to isoc mode.
[  747.238233] em2882/3 #0: Binding DVB extension
[  747.456850] DVB: registering new adapter (em2882/3 #0)
[  747.456863] usb 2-2: DVB: registering adapter 0 frontend 0 (Zarlink ZL10353 DVB-T)...
[  747.464752] em2882/3 #0: DVB extension successfully initialized
[  747.464775] em28xx: Registered (Em28xx dvb Extension) extension

Pb Erreur

DvbDevice::frontendEvent: tuning failed
gpasswd -a jean video
2025/03/24 15:06
, ,

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