AdminSysGNULinux

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0 billet(s) pour février 2026

Live-usb

md5sum $(find ! -name "md5sum.txt" ! -path "./isolinux/*" -follow -type f) > md5sum.txt

http://ubuntuforums.org/showthread.php?t=1980215 

xorriso -as mkisofs -D -r -J -joliet-long -l -V jibedeb-$(date -u +%m%d%H%M%S) -b isolinux/isolinux.bin -c isolinux/boot.cat -iso-level 3 -no-emul-boot -partition_offset 16 -boot-load-size 4 -boot-info-table -isohybrid-mbr /home/jibe/Téléchargements/debian-live-7.5.0-amd64-rescue.iso -o jibedeb.iso ./iso
xorriso -as mkisofs -D -r -l -V jibedeb-$(date -u +%m%d%H%M%S) -b isolinux/isolinux.bin -c isolinux/boot.cat -iso-level 3 -no-emul-boot -partition_offset 16 -boot-load-size 4 -boot-info-table -isohybrid-mbr /home/jibe/Téléchargements/debian-live-7.5.0-amd64-rescue.iso -o jibedeb.iso ./iso

Pour les options -b et -c le chemin est relatif au CD

Attention à la commande ddrescue
ici /dev/sdb sera écrasé. Vous risquez de perdre des données ! 

# dd if=jibedeb.iso of=/dev/sdb conv=fsync
ddrescue -y jibedeb.iso /dev/sdb --force

Iso Hybrid (CD + Clef USB)

Il peut arriver que l'iso généré ne soit que pour CD.

Pour le rendre compatible USB 

sudo apt-get install syslinux-utils
isohybrid jibedeb.iso

Reste plus qu'à utiliser dd ou ddrescue

Info sur l'iso

apt-get install dumpet
dumpet -i plop.iso

https://wiki.debian.org/DebianInstaller/Preseed/EditIso

2025/03/24 15:06
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Lister les paquets Debian par ordre décroissant de taille

Source : http://fcargoet.evolix.net/2009/12/lister-les-paquets-debian-par-ordre-decroissant-de-taille/ 

dpkg-query -W --showformat='${Installed-Size} ${Package}\n'| sort -rn | less
2025/03/24 15:06
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Liste de serveur DNS publique

Voir http://assiste.com/DNS_des_FAI.html

Source : http://pcsupport.about.com/od/tipstricks/a/free-public-dns-servers.htm

Voir aussi :

Source : https://gitlab.archlinux.org/archlinux/packaging/packages/systemd/-/blob/main/PKGBUILD#L104-115 

build() {
  local _timeservers=({0..3}.arch.pool.ntp.org)
  local _nameservers=(
    # We use these public name services, ordered by their privacy policy (hopefully):
    #  * Cloudflare (https://1.1.1.1/)
    #  * Quad9 (https://www.quad9.net/)
    #  * Google (https://developers.google.com/speed/public-dns/)
    '1.1.1.1#cloudflare-dns.com'
    '9.9.9.9#dns.quad9.net'
    '8.8.8.8#dns.google'
    '2606:4700:4700::1111#cloudflare-dns.com'
    '2620:fe::9#dns.quad9.net'
    '2001:4860:4860::8888#dns.google'
  )

Test DNS menteur 

dig +short thepiratebay.la
Provider 	Primary DNS Server 	Secondary DNS Server
Level31 	209.244.0.3 	209.244.0.4
Google2 	8.8.8.8 	8.8.4.4
DNS.WATCH3 	84.200.69.80 	84.200.70.40
Comodo Secure DNS 	8.26.56.26 	8.20.247.20
OpenDNS Home4 	208.67.222.222 	208.67.220.220
DNS Advantage 	156.154.70.1 	156.154.71.1
Norton ConnectSafe5 	199.85.126.10 	199.85.127.10
GreenTeamDNS6 	81.218.119.11 	209.88.198.133
SafeDNS7 	195.46.39.39 	195.46.39.40
OpenNIC8 	107.150.40.234 	50.116.23.211
SmartViper 	208.76.50.50 	208.76.51.51
Dyn 	216.146.35.35 	216.146.36.36
FreeDNS9 	37.235.1.174 	37.235.1.177
censurfridns.dk10 	89.233.43.71 	91.239.100.100
Hurricane Electric11 	74.82.42.42 	 
puntCAT12 	109.69.8.51

Adresses IP de DNS Google :

8.8.8.8

8.8.4.4

Adresses IP de DNS OpenDNS :

208.67.222.222

208.67.220.220

208.67.222.220

208.67.220.222

Level3 :

4.2.2.1

4.2.2.2

4.2.2.3

4.2.2.4

4.2.2.5

4.2.2.6 

FDN : ns0.fdn.org (80.67.169.12 / 2001:910:800::12) | ns1.fdn.org(80.67.169.40 / 2001:910:800::40)
LDN : ns0.ldn-fai.net (80.67.188.188 / 2001:913::8)
ARN : recursif.arn-fai.net (89.234.141.66 / 2a00:5881:8100:1000::3)
Google DNS 8.8.8.8 8.8.4.4
Comodo Secure DNS 8.26.56.26 8.20.247.20
Freedom-IP DNS 212.83.143.40 212.83.143.41
Freedom-IP DNS filtré avec Adblock 212.83.137.97 212.83.137.98
Level3 4.2.2.2 4.2.2.4
Bluewin DNS 195.186.1.110 195.186.1.111
Oléane DNS 194.2.0.20 194.2.0.50
OpenDNS 208.67.222.222 208.67.220.220

Source https://dns.d0wn.biz/ 

Status 	DNS-Server 	IPv4 	IPv6 	Location 	Hoster 	Sponsor
Online	ns1.fr.dns.d0wn.biz	178.32.122.65		France	OVH	
Online	ns2.fr.dns.d0wn.biz	37.187.0.40	2001:41D0:A:0028::1	France	OVH	
Online	ns1.sg.dns.d0wn.biz	128.199.248.105	2400:6180:0:d0::38:d001	Singapore	Digitalocean	
Online	ns1.nl.dns.d0wn.biz	95.85.9.86	2a03:b0c0:0:1010::62:f001	Netherlands	Digitalocean	
Online	ns2.nl.dns.d0wn.biz	185.83.217.248	2a02:2ca0:64:22::2	Netherlands	INIZ	
Online	ns1.de.dns.d0wn.biz	82.211.31.248	2001:1608:10:195:3:dead:beef:cafe	Germany	CrownCloud	
Online	ns1.md.dns.d0wn.biz	178.17.170.67	2a00:1dc0:cafe::ad86:fa7e	Moldova	Hosteasy	
Online	ns1.sa.dns.d0wn.biz	46.151.208.154		Saudi Arabia	NashirNet	
Online	ns1.ru.dns.d0wn.biz	91.214.71.181		Russia	Maxided	
Online	ns1.ua.dns.d0wn.biz	217.12.210.54	2a02:27a8:0:2::556	Ukraine	Maxided	
Online	ns1.bg.dns.d0wn.biz	217.12.203.133		Bulgaria	Maxided	
Online	ns2.de.dns.d0wn.biz	213.202.215.23		Germany	MyLoc	twink0r.net
Online	ns1.pl.dns.d0wn.biz	37.233.98.173		Poland	tiktalik.com	
Online	ns1.dk.dns.d0wn.biz	77.66.108.93		Denmark	Meebox	
Online	ns1.al.dns.d0wn.biz	31.171.155.107		Albania	Albahost	
Online	ns1.cr.dns.d0wn.biz	190.10.8.128		Costa Rica	CRServers	
Online	ns1.mx.dns.d0wn.biz	169.57.14.220		Mexico	oneprovider.com	BrainStorm Network Inc.
Online	ns1.za.dns.d0wn.biz	129.232.129.148		South Africa	oneprovider.com	BrainStorm Network Inc.
Online	ns1.hk.dns.d0wn.biz	119.81.242.146		Hong Kong	oneprovider.com	BrainStorm Network Inc.
Online	ns1.cz.dns.d0wn.biz	81.2.237.32		Czech Republic	Aruba Networks	
Online	ns1.it.dns.d0wn.biz	31.14.133.188		Italy	Aruba Networks	
Online	ns1.tr.dns.d0wn.biz	178.211.40.120		Turkey	hosthink.net	Hosthink Internet Services
Online	ns1.random.dns.d0wn.biz (¹)	178.17.170.133	2a00:1dc0:cafe::c6af:c19d	Moldova	Hosteasy	
Online	ns2.random.dns.d0wn.biz (¹)	185.14.29.140	2a00:1ca8:a7::1e9	Netherlands	ITL Group	
Online	ns1.tz.dns.d0wn.biz	41.79.69.13	2c0f:fda8:5::2ed1:d2ec	Tanzania	aptus.co.tz	Aptus Solutions
Online	ns1.gr.dns.d0wn.biz	85.25.105.193		Greece	angellight.com	angellight Services Ltd
Online	ns1.es.dns.d0wn.biz	185.55.217.60		Spain	oneprovider.com	BrainStorm Network Inc.
Online	ns1.lv.dns.d0wn.biz	89.111.13.60		Latvia	serveri.failiem.lv	Files.fm Ltd
Online	ns1.ch.dns.d0wn.biz	31.7.56.104		Switzerland	oneprovider.com	
Online	ns1.ro.dns.d0wn.biz	77.81.104.121	2a04:9dc0:c1:7::cb9:f785	Romania	virtono.com
fallbackDNS = 199.85.126.30 ;199.85.127.30 ;94.140.14.140 ;94.140.14.141 ;89.233.43.71::853::DoT::unicast.censurfridns.dk ;116.202.176.26::853::DoT::dot.libredns.gr ;116.202.176.26::443::DoH::https://doh.libredns.gr/dns-query ;104.244.78.231::853::DoT::uncensored.lux1.dns.nixnet.xyz ;209.141.34.95::853::DoT::uncensored.lv1.dns.nixnet.xyz ;199.195.251.84::853::DoT::uncensored.ny1.dns.nixnet.xyz

https://www.freenom.com/fr/index.html?lang=fr

  • 80.80.80.80
  • 80.80.81.81
2025/03/24 15:06
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Linux dump mem

Voir :

2025/03/24 15:06
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GNU/Linux Avoir des infos sur le matériel

Voir :

Savoir si il y a du SAN : 

lspci |egrep -i -e "emu|qlo"

Avoir plein d'infos avec dmidecode 

#dmidecode  |grep -e "Product" |head -1
dmidecode -s system-product-name
Product Name: PowerEdge R710
dmidecode -t1

Firmware version check for Dell server

Type Command
NIC firmware ethtool -i eth3
NIC driver ethtool -i eth3
OEM BIOS Rev dmidecode -t bios
PERC H700 Controller omreport storage controller
PERC Driver omreport storage controller
Open Manage Software omreport about 
# dmidecode 3.0
Getting SMBIOS data from sysfs.
SMBIOS 2.8 present.

Handle 0x0100, DMI type 1, 27 bytes
System Information
        Manufacturer: Dell Inc.
        Product Name: PowerEdge R530
        Version: Not Specified
        Serial Number: 5S25KF2
        UUID: 4C4C4544-0053-3210-8035-B5C04F4B4632
        Wake-up Type: Power Switch
        SKU Number: SKU=NotProvided;ModelName=PowerEdge R530
        Family: Not Specified

Tag Dell 

dmidecode | grep -i serial
dmidecode -t 1
dmidecode -s system-serial-number
# dmidecode -s baseboard-manufacturer
TYAN
# dmidecode -s baseboard-product-name
 S7053
cat /proc/bus/input/devices

Quelques commandes utiles :

  • dmesg
  • lsusb -t, lsusb -v -d 1050:0120
  • lspci
  • lsscsi -H, lsscsi -g
  • lshw
  • inxi
  • lscpu
  • lsblk
  • dmseg
  • hwinfo --short
  • /sbin/discover
  • lsdev procinfo (paquet procinfo)
  • lsmod
  • numactl --hardware

Un lsmod peut également révéler beaucoup d'information sur le matériel

CPU

nproc
lscpu
lshw -c cpu
dmidecode -t processor
cpupower monitor
iucode_tool --scan-system
iucode_tool: system has processor(s) with signature 0x000406f1

Disques

lsblk
lsblk /dev/sda --bytes --nodeps --pairs --paths --output SIZE,ROTA,RO,TYPE,PKNAME,NAME
 
fdisk -l
parted -l
hdparm -i /dev/sda
 
systemctl list-units --type=device

Réseau

lshw -c network

Si UNCLAIM apparaît : probablement un problème de driver 

lspci |grep -i net
Nombre de cores nombre de processeur physiques
cat /proc/cpuinfo

Nombre de core 

nproc
getconf _NPROCESSORS_CONF

GPU

# inxi -G
Graphics:  Device-1: Intel driver: i915 v: kernel
           Device-2: NVIDIA driver: nvidia v: 430.50
           Device-3: NVIDIA driver: nvidia v: 430.50
           Display: tty server: X.org 1.20.4 driver: none tty: 237x35
           Message: Advanced graphics data unavailable in console for root.
Exemple
LANG=C lscpu | grep -i socket
Core(s) per socket:    10
Socket(s):             2

grep -i "physical id" /proc/cpuinfo | sort -u | wc -l
2

nproc
40

Hyper-Threading ?
grep -o -w -e '^flags.* ht' /proc/cpuinfo

Si non :
NBSockets * CoresPerSocket

Si oui :
NBSockets * CoresPerSocket * 2

Carte graphique

Identifier sa carte graphique 

lspci -vnn | grep -A 12 '\''[030[02]\]' | grep -Ei "vga|3d|display|kernel"
sudo lshw -enable pci -class display
xrandr

Source https://doc.ubuntu-fr.org/carte_graphique#identifier_sa_carte_graphique

Serveur physique VM Conteneur Docker OpenVZ

Notes virtualisation

2025/03/24 15:06
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