Table des matières
NFSv4 sous Debian
Configuration client et serveur NFSv4 (sans Kerberos)
Voir
Protocole
Voir :
| Étape | Date | Réf |
| Création | 1984 | |
| NFSv2 | 1989 | RFC 1094 |
| NFSv3 | 1995 | RFC 1813 |
| NFSv4 | 2003 | RFC 3530 |
| NFSv4.1 | 2010 | RFC 5661 |
| NFSv4.2 | 2016 | RFC 7862 |
En NFSv4 contrairement aux versions précédentes seul le port TCP 2049 suffit
Sur le serveur
cat /proc/fs/nfsd/versions +2 +3 +4 +4.1 -4.2
apt-get install nfs-kernel-server
lsmod | grep nfs nfsv4 410783 1 dns_resolver 12641 1 nfsv4 nfsd 263032 13 auth_rpcgss 51211 2 nfsd,rpcsec_gss_krb5 nfs_acl 12511 1 nfsd nfs 188136 2 nfsv4 lockd 83389 2 nfs,nfsd fscache 45542 2 nfs,nfsv4 sunrpc 237402 33 nfs,nfsd,rpcsec_gss_krb5,auth_rpcgss,lockd,nfsv4,nfs_acl
/etc/default/nfs-common
NEED_STATD=no STATDOPTS= NEED_GSSD=no # Nécessaire que si mapping d'utilisateur en NFSv4 NEED_IDMAPD=no
/etc/default/nfs-kernel-server
# /usr/sbin/rpc.mountd --manage-gids -N 2 -N 3 -V 4 -V 4.1 # man rpc.mountd #RPCMOUNTDOPTS="--manage-gids" RPCMOUNTDOPTS="--manage-gids -N 2 -N 3 -V 4 -V 4.1"
/etc/exports
# Example for NFSv4: # /srv/nfs4 gss/krb5i(rw,sync,fsid=0,crossmnt,no_subtree_check) # /srv/nfs4/homes gss/krb5i(rw,sync,no_subtree_check) # /export 192.168.1.0/24(rw,sync,fsid=0,crossmnt,no_subtree_check) 127.0.0.1(rw,sync,fsid=0,crossmnt,no_subtree_check) /export/partage 192.168.1.0/24(rw,sync,nohide,insecure,no_subtree_check) 127.0.0.1(rw,sync,nohide,insecure,no_subtree_check)
chown jean: /export/partage/
Après avoir modifié le fichier /etc/exports
exportfs -ra
killall rpc.statd
service nfs-common restart
service nfs-kernel-server restart
Notes : pour une base de donnée Postgres sur le serveur il faut absolument mettre l'option hard et il est recommandé de mettre coté serveur sync
The only firm requirement for using NFS with PostgreSQL is that the file system is mounted using the hard option. With the hard option, processes can “hang” indefinitely if there are network problems, so this configuration will require a careful monitoring setup. The soft option will interrupt system calls in case of network problems, but PostgreSQL will not repeat system calls interrupted in this way, so any such interruption will result in an I/O error being reported.
It is not necessary to use the sync mount option. The behavior of the async option is sufficient, since PostgreSQL issues fsync calls at appropriate times to flush the write caches. (This is analogous to how it works on a local file system.) However, it is strongly recommended to use the sync export option on the NFS server on systems where it exists (mainly Linux). Otherwise, an fsync or equivalent on the NFS client is not actually guaranteed to reach permanent storage on the server, which could cause corruption similar to running with the parameter fsync off. The defaults of these mount and export options differ between vendors and versions, so it is recommended to check and perhaps specify them explicitly in any case to avoid any ambiguity.
Source: https://www.postgresql.org/docs/current/creating-cluster.html
Sur le client
Voir : https://learn.microsoft.com/fr-fr/azure/azure-netapp-files/performance-linux-mount-options
apt-get install nfs-common
lsmod |grep nfs nfsv4 410783 1 dns_resolver 12641 1 nfsv4 nfsd 263032 2 auth_rpcgss 51211 2 nfsd,rpcsec_gss_krb5 nfs_acl 12511 1 nfsd nfs 188136 2 nfsv4 lockd 83389 2 nfs,nfsd sunrpc 237402 14 nfs,nfsd,rpcsec_gss_krb5,auth_rpcgss,lockd,nfsv4,nfs_acl fscache 45542 2 nfs,nfsv4
/etc/default/nfs-common
NEED_STATD=no STATDOPTS= NEED_GSSD=no # Nécessaire que si mapping d'utilisateur en NFSv4 NEED_IDMAPD=no
/etc/fstab
192.168.1.10:/partage /mnt/nfs nfs4 _netdev,noatime,bg,soft,rw,nodev,nosuid,noexec,noauto,proto=tcp,port=2049,vers=4.1,timeo=5,retrans=5,actimeo=10,retry=5 0 0
killall rpc.statd
systemctl disable rpcbind
service rpcbind stop
service nfs-common restart
Notes
Les uid des utilisateur doivent coïncider (sinon il est possible de mapper les utilisateurs sur le nom mais dans ce cas il faut activer Kerberos) Voir “you need to use Kerberos for the mapping to have any effect” https://help.ubuntu.com/community/NFSv4Howto Voir
- /etc/idmapd.conf
- rpc.mountd --manage-gids (RPCMOUNTDOPTS)
- apt-get install nscd
Après avoir modifier /etc/idmap.conf faire
nfsidmap -c
Dans la conf actuelle, root ne peut pas écrire sur la partition NFS
Le service rpcbind semble nécessaire qu'une seul fois au lancement de nfs-kernel-server Sinon pas d'écoute sur le port TCP 2049. Semble possible sur RedHat Ho can I disable rpcbind on NFSv4-only servers
Voir /var/lib/nfs/
Disable rpcbind on NFS server (RedHat)
Source : https://www.spinics.net/linux/fedora/fedora-users/msg513100.html
systemctl mask --now rpc-statd.service rpcbind.service rpcbind.socket
systemctl restart nfs-server
Obtenir des info sur le montage / quelle version de NFS
nfsstat -m
Client Autofs
/etc/auto.master
/mnt/nfs /etc/auto.nfs --ghost,--timeout=60
/etc/auto.nfs
partage -fstype=nfs4,noatime,bg,soft,rw,nodev,nosuid,noexec,proto=tcp,port=2049,vers=4.1,timeo=5,retrans=5,actimeo=10,retry=5 192.168.1.10:/partage
Démonter une partition NFS en erreur
umount -lf /mnt/nfs
Liste des partages
Montez le répertoire / et observez son contenu.
# mount myserver:/ /mnt/ #cd /mnt/ exports # ls exports foo bar
showmount -e 127.0.0.1
La commande showmount n'affiche que les exportations des versions 2 et 3 de NFS.
Cependant si le serveur gère simultanément NFSv4 et NFSv3, cette méthode fonctionnera quand même.
Autres
Quel port le serveur écoute
# rpcinfo -p | grep nfs rsize=8192,wsize=8192
Rationale: This issue is a bug on the NFS server that involves handling of delegations. NOTE: Disabling delegations may impact performance and depends on your workload. For more information, see What is the performance impact of disabling or enabling NFS4 delegations?. Disable delegations on the NFS server with the following commands:
echo 0 > /proc/sys/fs/leases-enable sysctl -w fs.leases-enable=0
Diag
Source https://access.redhat.com/solutions/3915571
tshark -Y 'tcp.port == 2049' -r tcpdump.pcap > tcpdump.txt tshark -Y 'frame.number == 961595' -V -r tcpdump.pcap > tcpdump-frame-961595.txt grep -A 30 SEQUENCE tcpdump-frame-961595.txt tshark -r tcpdump.pcap -Y 'rpc.msgtyp == 1 && nfs' | wc -l tshark -r tcpdump.pcap -Y 'rpc.msgtyp == 1 && nfs.sequence.flags.recallable_state_revoked == 1' | wc -l
Err nfs-server.service is masked (RedHat)
# systemctl enable --now nfs-server.service Failed to enable unit: Unit file /etc/systemd/system/nfs-server.service is masked. # ls -l /etc/systemd/system/nfs-server.service lrwxrwxrwx. 1 root root 9 Apr 24 2024 /etc/systemd/system/nfs-server.service -> /dev/null # rm /etc/systemd/system/nfs-server.service rm: remove symbolic link '/etc/systemd/system/nfs-server.service'? y # systemctl enable --now nfs-server.service Created symlink /etc/systemd/system/multi-user.target.wants/nfs-server.service → /usr/lib/systemd/system/nfs-server.service. Job for nfs-server.service canceled.