Voir https://www.raspberrypi.org/documentation/configuration/wireless/wireless-cli.md

/etc/wpa_supplicant/wpa_supplicant.conf

ctrl_interface=DIR=/var/run/wpa_supplicant GROUP=netdev
update_config=1
country=FR
 
network={
        ssid="Livebox-2930"
        psk="FFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFF"
}

wpa_passphrase "Livebox-2930" | sudo tee -a /etc/wpa_supplicant/wpa_supplicant.conf

/etc/network/interfaces

# This file describes the network interfaces available on your system
# and how to activate them. For more information, see interfaces(5).

source /etc/network/interfaces.d/*

# The loopback network interface
auto lo
iface lo inet loopback

auto wlp12s0
iface wlp12s0 inet dhcp
	wpa-conf /etc/wpa_supplicant/wpa_supplicant.conf

/etc/wpa_supplicant/wpa_supplicant.conf

ctrl_interface=/var/run/wpa_supplicant
 
ctrl_interface_group=0
 
eapol_version=1
 
ap_scan=1
 
#fast_reauth=1
 
network={
	ssid="acme-wifi"
	scan_ssid=1
	key_mgmt=WPA-EAP
	pairwise=CCMP TKIP
	eap=TLS
	identity="acme-wifi@acme.com"
	ca_cert="/etc/cert/ca.pem"
	client_cert="/etc/cert/acme-wifi.pem"
	private_key="/etc/cert/acme-wifi.key"
	private_key_passwd="secret"
}

Debug

wpa_supplicant -Dnl80211 -iwlo1 -c /etc/wpa_supplicant/wpa_supplicant.conf 
 
wpa_supplicant -c /etc/wpa_supplicant/wpa_supplicant.conf -iwlp12s0 -d -f debug.log